![]() levels inherently tend to go with having less impulse control, being less able to delay gratification, being less able to comprehend moral principles like the Golden Rule, and being overstrained by the cognitive demands of society.Īnd, this is the range into which men of average or just above-average intelligence sink when under the influence of alcohol alcohol reduces I.Q. The causal mechanism behind the (statistical) relation between crime and below-average I.Q. of a society is below this range to begin with though, raising it may increase violence. of a society or population is raised upward of this range, violence decreases as fewer males fall in this range then, given the shape of an even remotely normal distribution. of a group is in this range, one may expect trouble with with many male members of that group. This does not imply that all males in this range are violent, nor that all violent males are in this range. Most violent crime is committed by males from this range. Can perform explicit routinized hands-on tasks without supervision as long as there are no moments of choice and it is always clear what has to be done. 80-89 - Below averageĪbove the threshold for normal independent functioning. Can be employed in simple tasks but require supervision. Have difficulty with everyday demands like using a phone book, reading bus or train schedules, banking, filling out forms, using appliances like a video recorder, microwave oven, or computer, et cetera, and therefore require assistance from relatives or social workers in the management of their affairs. This is important with regard to the question whether or not retarded persons should have children for especially the moderate and mild forms of retardation, with which it is physically possible to have children, are the most likely to be inherited. Moderate and mild retardation, contrary to the more severe forms, are typically not caused by brain damage but part of the normal variance of intelligence, and therefore largely genetic and inherited. Immature but with adequate social adjustment, usually no obvious physical anomalies. Might live alone but do best in supervised settings. 50-69 - Mildly retardedĮducable, can learn to care for oneself, employable in routinized jobs but require supervision. scores are sometimes even quoted as high as 80 or 90, but those are childhood age-peer scores that correspond to adult I.Q.'s of only just over 40. The most intelligent non-human animals, such as some crows, chimpanzees, bonobos, parrots, and dolphins, are in this range. Self-awareness - having an inner image of self, realizing that one is a person separate from the others around one - may exist from here on, but is not guaranteed to exist as it depends on more than intelligence alone. ![]() May be employed in special settings, and achieve some independence. 35-49 - Moderately retardedĬan learn simple life skills and employment tasks with special education. ![]() Profound and severe retardation are typically caused by brain damage during pregnancy, at birth, or early in life, and as such not genetic and not inherited. There are usually motor problems and physical anomalies. Can learn some self-care behaviour but remain dependent on others. 20-34 - Severely retardedīasic intellectual tasks, including language, are difficult to learn. Can learn no or only the very simplest tasks. Usually multi-handicapped with obvious physical deformities and short life expectancy. ranges Lower than 20 - Profound retardation It is unknown whether I.Q.'s beyond about 140 have any extra significance. has the greatest significance to real-life functioning (and the highest correlation with " g", the common factor shared by all mental ability tests) at its lower and average ranges, and becomes less important as one goes higher the more you have of it, the less important it gets, just as with money. The exact cut-offs for the ranges are arbitrary, and one should realize that functioning may depend on more than I.Q. They refer to scores on adult tests only, by adult norms. The I.Q.'s are expressed on a scale with a general population mean of 100 and standard deviation of 15. ranges with for each a brief description of typical functioning and other features.
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